Paper 2023/1267
Whipping the MAYO Signature Scheme using Hardware Platforms
Abstract
NIST issued a new call in 2023 to diversify the portfolio of quantum-resistant digital signature schemes since the current portfolio relies on lattice problems. The MAYO scheme, which builds on the Unbalanced Oil and Vinegar (UOV) problem, is a promising candidate for this new call. MAYO introduces emulsifier maps and a novel `whipping' technique to significantly reduce the key sizes compared to previous UOV schemes. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the implementation aspects of MAYO and proposes several optimization techniques that we use to implement a high-speed hardware accelerator. The first optimization technique is the partial unrolling of the emulsification process to increase parallelization. The second proposed optimization is a novel memory structure enabling the parallelization of significant bottlenecks in the MAYO scheme. In addition to this, we present a flexible transposing technique for the data format used in MAYO that can be expanded to other UOV-based schemes. We use these techniques to design the first high-speed ASIC and FPGA accelerator that supports all operations of the MAYO scheme for different NIST security levels. Compared with state-of-the-art, like HaMAYO [22] and UOV [7], our FPGA design shows a performance benefit of up to three orders of magnitude in both latency and area-time-product. Furthermore, we lower the BRAM consumption by up to 2.8× compared to these FPGA implementations. Compared to high-end CPU implementations, our ASIC design allows between 2.81× and 60.14× higher throughputs. This increases the number of signing operations per second from 483 to 13424, thereby fostering performant deployment of the MAYO scheme in time-critical applications.
Metadata
- Available format(s)
- Category
- Implementation
- Publication info
- Preprint.
- Keywords
- MAYOPQCFPGAASICDigital Signatures
- Contact author(s)
-
florian hirner @ iaik tugraz at
michael streibl @ student tugraz at
florian krieger @ iaik tugraz at
ahmet mert @ iaik tugraz at
sujoy sinharoy @ iaik tugraz at - History
- 2024-05-03: last of 3 revisions
- 2023-08-22: received
- See all versions
- Short URL
- https://ia.cr/2023/1267
- License
-
CC BY
BibTeX
@misc{cryptoeprint:2023/1267, author = {Florian Hirner and Michael Streibl and Florian Krieger and Ahmet Can Mert and Sujoy Sinha Roy}, title = {Whipping the MAYO Signature Scheme using Hardware Platforms}, howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2023/1267}, year = {2023}, note = {\url{https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1267}}, url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1267} }